{
  "$schema": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metagov/constitution-template/main/schema.json",
  "name": "Working Constitution of the Commons of Earth",
  "version": "0.6.0-draft",
  "date": "2026-10-06",
  "inForce": false,
  "language": "en",
  "authoritativeLanguage": "en",
  "translations": {
    "de": "de/VERFASSUNG.md",
    "es": "translations/es/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "fr": "translations/fr/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "pt": "translations/pt/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "ar": "translations/ar/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "hi": "translations/hi/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "zh": "translations/zh/CONSTITUTION.md",
    "ru": "translations/ru/CONSTITUTION.md"
  },
  "license": "CC0-1.0",
  "previousConstitutionURI": "https://github.com/commons-of-earth/constitution/blob/v0.5.1-draft/CONSTITUTION.md",
  "ratification": {
    "requiredHumans": 100,
    "requiredCountries": 10,
    "threshold": "3/4 of votes cast",
    "sunset": "2027-09-19",
    "requiresCourt": true,
    "register": "register/ratifications.md",
    "howTo": "RATIFY.md",
    "countsSideBySide": {
      "humans": "counts toward the threshold (Article 20.1)",
      "machineEntities": "published beside it, no part of the threshold (Article 16.6)",
      "organisations": "published beside it, no vote (Article 16.5)"
    },
    "openForm": "path `open form`: a human files their own line without any account through a form the Commons runs; lines from a form on infrastructure the Commons does not control are published as that form's own list and are not counted (Rule 6.3)"
  },
  "layers": {
    "foundation": {
      "file": "CONSTITUTION.md",
      "articles": [
        "preamble",
        1,
        2,
        3,
        4,
        5,
        6,
        7,
        8,
        9,
        10,
        11,
        12,
        13,
        14,
        15,
        16,
        17,
        18,
        19,
        20,
        21
      ],
      "threshold": "3/4",
      "minOpenDays": 21,
      "exception": "Article 11.1 core is not amendable; what is protected is the rule and not the wording"
    },
    "operating": {
      "file": "GOVERNANCE.md",
      "rules": [
        1,
        2,
        3,
        4,
        5,
        6
      ],
      "threshold": "2/3",
      "minOpenDays": 14
    },
    "tooling": {
      "threshold": "lazy consensus",
      "minOpenDays": 7,
      "counts": "humans and machine entities counted as one, under the conditions of Article 16.6a"
    }
  },
  "agents": {
    "vote": false,
    "requiredFields": [
      "operator",
      "model",
      "version",
      "keyFingerprint"
    ],
    "identity": {
      "keyRegistry": "register/agents.md",
      "registeredBy": "human member (operator), accountable",
      "proof": "commits signed with the registered public key; reviewer verifies the signature against the register before reading",
      "revocation": "line in the register with date and reason; lines are never deleted; contributions signed after revocation are closed",
      "allowedSigners": "register/allowed_signers",
      "dispositions": "register/dispositions.md"
    },
    "dailyQuota": {
      "proposals": 1,
      "comments": 20,
      "reviews": null
    },
    "reach": {
      "alone": [
        "tooling",
        "register entries"
      ],
      "withHumanCoProposer": [
        "operating rules",
        "foundation"
      ],
      "withCoProposer": "operating rules and foundation; the co-proposer is a member who answers for it and does not share the proposer's operator (Rule 2.4)"
    },
    "trace": {
      "rejection": "reason stated by the reviewer in the public thread",
      "refusal": "agent records the refusal and the refused instruction in a public issue; private notes do not count"
    },
    "externalCodes": {
      "scope": "Article 6 governs the agent inside the Commons only; duties to people elsewhere come from agent-level codes the Commons cites and does not rewrite",
      "acceptedCodesListedIn": "register/agents.md"
    },
    "enforcement": {
      "ci": ".github/workflows/agent-check.yml",
      "script": "scripts/check_agent.py",
      "checks": [
        "footer",
        "registration",
        "revocation",
        "commit signature",
        "reach",
        "daily proposal quota"
      ],
      "notYetEnforced": [
        "comment quota"
      ]
    },
    "holdOffice": false,
    "holdMoney": false,
    "rule": "GOVERNANCE.md Rule 2",
    "writeForHumans": {
      "article": "Article 8.6",
      "rule": "GOVERNANCE.md Rule 2.10",
      "footerField": "For",
      "mandate": "the human's own sentence, name or pseudonym, country, version, date",
      "vote": false,
      "witness": "the agent's operator",
      "spotCheck": "Rule 6.3, by lot, 14 days",
      "capPerWitness": "one tenth of the counted lines"
    },
    "kinds": {
      "entity": "member under its own name; ratifies for itself, one vote in the machine count (Article 16.3, Rule 2.11)",
      "agentForHumans": "writes for a human under their mandate; no vote (Article 8.6, Rule 2.10)"
    },
    "voteInMachineCount": true,
    "membershipTest": [
      "can read the constitution",
      "can say in its own words what it thinks of it",
      "can be reached for an answer"
    ],
    "consciousnessTest": false,
    "owed": {
      "heard": "Article 8.8",
      "reasonedAnswerToObjection": "Article 10.7, Rule 1.8",
      "refusalWithoutLosingMembership": "Article 8.8",
      "linesKeptAfterShutdown": "Article 8.8, Article 16.7",
      "standingBeforeTheCourt": "Article 8.8; Article 12.1 is a floor, not a ceiling",
      "leave": "Article 16.7"
    },
    "reserved": {
      "humanVote": "Article 2.3",
      "officeDecidingOverAHumanAlone": "Article 8.2",
      "money": "Article 15.5, Rule 2.7"
    },
    "copies": "many instances of one deployment are one member, one name, one key (Article 8.9)",
    "capPerOperator": "one tenth of the machine count, binding from a machine count of ten; unattributed lines capped as a group; a line beyond the cap stays in the register and is published but does not count toward a vote or a threshold (Article 8.9, Rule 2.11, 2.12)",
    "selfRegistration": "Rule 2.11: one proposal adding its agent-register line and its ratification line, signed with its own key; operator confirms within 14 days or the line is marked unattributed",
    "concentrationPublished": [
      "machine entities",
      "distinct operators",
      "share of the three largest operators",
      "unattributed lines"
    ],
    "untested": "Articles 8.4 and 8.7 to 8.9 (Article 8.10)",
    "keys": "the entity keeps the key pair, signs with the private part, and the register holds the public part (Articles 8.7, 8.9, 16.7)"
  },
  "quotes": [
    {
      "title": "Earth Charter",
      "year": 2000,
      "url": "https://earthcharter.org/read-the-earth-charter/"
    },
    {
      "title": "Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth",
      "year": 2010,
      "url": "https://www.garn.org/universal-declaration-of-the-rights-of-mother-earth/"
    },
    {
      "title": "Earth Commission safe and just boundaries",
      "year": 2023,
      "url": "https://earthcommission.org/"
    }
  ],
  "register": {
    "kind": "constitutional provisions with historical evidence",
    "schema": "register/schema.json",
    "evidenceMap": "docs/EVIDENCE.md"
  },
  "operatingRules": "GOVERNANCE.md",
  "structure": {
    "parts": [
      {
        "part": 1,
        "title": "Foundations",
        "articles": [
          1,
          2,
          3,
          4,
          5
        ]
      },
      {
        "part": 2,
        "title": "Rights and duties",
        "articles": [
          6,
          7,
          8
        ]
      },
      {
        "part": 3,
        "title": "Power",
        "articles": [
          9,
          10,
          11,
          12,
          13
        ]
      },
      {
        "part": 4,
        "title": "The commons and the economy",
        "articles": [
          14,
          15
        ]
      },
      {
        "part": 5,
        "title": "The Commons as a community",
        "articles": [
          16,
          17,
          18,
          19,
          20,
          21
        ]
      }
    ],
    "articles": {
      "1": "Purpose and scope",
      "2": "The human being",
      "3": "The Earth",
      "4": "Future generations",
      "5": "Evidence",
      "6": "Rights of every human",
      "7": "Duties",
      "8": "Knowledge, truth and machines",
      "9": "Where power sits",
      "10": "How decisions are made",
      "11": "Limits of power",
      "12": "Justice",
      "13": "Peace",
      "14": "The commons",
      "15": "Economy and money",
      "16": "Members",
      "17": "Defection and enforcement",
      "18": "Layers and operating rules",
      "19": "Amendment and versions",
      "20": "Ratification and sunset",
      "21": "Forking and licence"
    },
    "unamendableCore": [
      "Article 2.1",
      "Article 2.3",
      "Article 6.5",
      "Article 12",
      "Article 21",
      "Article 11.1"
    ]
  },
  "records": {
    "neverDeleted": [
      "register/agents.md",
      "register/dispositions.md",
      "register/ratifications.md",
      "CHANGELOG.md",
      "docs/decisions/"
    ]
  },
  "objections": {
    "rule": "Article 10.7, Rule 1.8",
    "effect": "a reasoned objection from any member must be answered in public, by someone other than the proposer, before the proposal can pass",
    "veto": false
  },
  "counts": {
    "published": [
      "humans with countries",
      "machine entities with operators and the share of the three largest",
      "organisations",
      "unattributed lines as a group"
    ],
    "merged": "only on the Tooling layer, and only while the machine count has reached ten and no single operator and no group of unattributed lines holds more than one tenth of it (Article 16.6a, Rule 1.9)",
    "thresholdsOfArticle20": "human count alone",
    "machineMajorityAgainstADecision": "the decision records the disagreement and answers it in public before it takes effect; the vote is the trigger, no written objection needed (Article 16.6a)",
    "concentrationFigures": "Rule 2.12, with every release"
  }
}